Since neither solar nor wind energy is able to fully heat buildings. For heating, soil-water pumps are more efficient: they take the heat from the soil and transfer it to the water circulating in the heating system of buildings. To take heat from the soil or groundwater, the so-called primary heat exchange circuit is used: it is a looped pipe laid in it (most often a solution of alcohol in water). Passing through a layer of earth (or groundwater), the refrigerant heats up to 4–8 ºC, and actually “brings” heat to the heat pump. The heat pump converts 4–8 ºC into 45–70 ºC (that is, it concentrates) using freon and a compressor and transfers this heat to the water circulating in the pipes of the building's heating system.
Such installations can be both small (designed for low-rise and cottage construction - and they are now the majority), and designed for heating multi-storey buildings. The latter is still a rarity - there are several pilot Russia WhatsApp Number List rojects on the territory of the Russian Federation. Experience in business and agriculture Geothermal installations were used in the USSR in the southern regions to supply heat to greenhouses and to heat ponds (aquaculture) and pools. Since 1966, heat supply systems based on geothermal installations have been successfully operating in the cities of Makhachkala, Kizlyar, Izberbash and other settlements of Dagestan.
In 1969, with the help of geothermal installations, 15 hectares of greenhouses in Makhachkala were provided with heat. In 1985, the annual production of geothermal water in the Krasnodar Territory reached 8.5 million m³, residential buildings in seven settlements and 30 hectares of greenhouses were heated. The geothermal coolant was first supplied to heat buildings, then to greenhouses for growing tomatoes, cucumbers, and lemons. Further, at a temperature of 30 º?, geothermal water entered the fish ponds. In the 1990s, all this infrastructure fell into disrepair.